La resiliencia matemática: un factor de protección positivo para afrontar la ansiedad matemática
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17227/rce.num94-18379Palabras clave:
educación, matemáticas, resiliencia, ansiedad, programas de apoyoResumen
La resiliencia matemática es un constructo teórico reciente que ha tomado fuerza en los últimos diez años para la intervención de la ansiedad matemática. En este artículo de revisión se realiza una aproximación general al desarrollo de la resiliencia matemática, término que se desprende de la resiliencia en educación, la cual se ocupa en la prevención de la salud emocional a través de enfoques positivos en ambientes escolares para un mejor proceso de aprendizaje. Se describen los estudios en los que se ha ocupado la resiliencia matemática, los factores protectores implicados, y de riesgo, como la ansiedad matemática. Finalmente, se destacan algunos programas en resiliencia matemática para afrontar la ansiedad matemática. Se concluye que, cualquier aprendizaje requiere cierto esfuerzo y el desgaste emocional de la ansiedad puede interferir no solo en el desempeño académico y en la resolución de problemas matemáticos, sino en la calidad de vida de los estudiantes y en la elección de estudios con énfasis en matemáticas, llevando a que la experiencia con los números se torne en un eterno sufrimiento sino se interviene a tiempo. En la educación matemática el éxito y el fracaso está mediado no solo por la competencia matemática (pensamiento reflexivo/creativo/crítico, receptividad a nuevas ideas/experiencias, capacidad en resolución de problemas) sino por la competencia emocional, la cual protege para afrontar las vicisitudes del aprendizaje. La resiliencia es un recurso positivo que posibilitaría el equilibrio entre la primacía de lo cognitivo sobre lo emocional.
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