Revisión sistemática en física. Estudio de caso: relación entre la relatividad general y el electromagnetismo
Resumen
Se adopta la herramienta metodológica de la revisión sistemática para su uso en física, con fines pedagógicos y de investigación, ejemplificando mediante el caso de estudio de la relación entre relatividad general y electromagnetismo. A principios del siglo xx, Albert Einstein inició el desarrollo de una teoría de campo unificado entre la interacción gravitacional y electromagnética sin alcanzar el objetivo deseado. La revisión sistemática se aplica con trabajos publicados que cumplen determinados requisitos de investigación, categorización y descripción matemática, sintetizando de forma rigurosa la literatura científica, se clasificaron los tipos de unificación, se analizaron patrones temporales, se hizo un mapeo geográfico de cada publicación y se delimitaron las líneas actuales de investigación en unificación vía electromagnetismo. Los resultados muestran un enfoque prominente en el modelado de agujeros negros por un aumento en la colaboración internacional para la investigación en integración electromagnética y gravitacional. Además, cuenta con información de interés para investigadores en las áreas de astrofísica, cosmología y física teórica. Se destaca la utilidad de la revisión sistemática como recurso didáctico y educativo replicable que fortalece la formación de investigadores en el ámbito de las ciencias y la tecnología, proporciona una base sólida para la enseñanza de competencias de investigación, enfatizada en optimizar y analizar críticamente la literatura científica lo que permite identificar enfoques relevantes, tendencias y vacíos en el conocimiento, planificar nuevos estudios, buscar de manera eficiente bibliografía y proyectar hacia futuros trabajos esenciales para todo investigador de grado, posgrado y expertos.
Citas
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